ASHRAE Terminology

(1) a machine used to create flow within a fluid, typically a gas, such as air. (2) any device with two or more blades or vanes attached to a rotating shaft used to produce an airflow for the purpose of comfort, ventilation, exhaust, heating, cooling, or any other gaseous transport. The opening(s) may or may not have an element or elements for connection to ductwork. (3) fan consists of a rotating arrangement of vanes or blades that act on the air (impeller). Usually it is contained within some form of housing or case. This housing or case may direct the airflow or increase safety by preventing objects from contacting the fan blades. Most fans are powered by electric motors, but other sources of power may be used, including hydraulic motors and internal combustion engines. Fans produce airflows with high volume and low pressure, as opposed to compressors, which produce high pressures at a comparatively low volume. A fan blade will often rotate when exposed to an air stream, and devices that take advantage of this, such as anemometers and wind turbines, often have designs similar to that of a fan. (4) see also impeller.